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Trigonometry & Radians • Lesson 24 ⏱ 7 min read 📅 Updated Nov 2026

Trigonometry for Beginners: SOH-CAH-TOA, Sine, Cosine, and Tangent

Demystify trigonometry with SOH-CAH-TOA. Learn the definitions of Sine, Cosine, and Tangent, and how to find unknown angles and sides.

Master Mnemonic

SOH-CAH-TOA makes trigonometry simple:
SOH: sin(θ) = Opposite / Hypotenuse
CAH: cos(θ) = Adjacent / Hypotenuse
TOA: tan(θ) = Opposite / Adjacent

θ Opposite Adjacent Hypotenuse
SOH-CAH-TOA: Sin = Opp/Hyp • Cos = Adj/Hyp • Tan = Opp/Adj

Unit Circle Special Angles Table

Angle (θ)Radiansin(θ)cos(θ)tan(θ)
0°0010
30°π/61/2 = 0.5√(3)/2 ≈ 0.8661/√(3) ≈ 0.577
45°π/4√(2)/2 ≈ 0.707√(2)/2 ≈ 0.7071
60°π/3√(3)/2 ≈ 0.8661/2 = 0.5√(3) ≈ 1.732
90°π/210Undefined
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Solved Step-by-Step Examples:Sin of 30°Cos of 45°Tan of 60°
Your Turn!

Check Your Understanding (3 Quick Questions)

Score: 0 / 3

Question 1: What does SOH stand for?

Question 2: What is the exact value of sin(30°)?

Question 3: Which ratio does TOA define?